芦荟Aloe Vera---双语科普

芦荟

Aloe Vera

芦荟是一种类似于仙人掌的短茎多肉植物，具有治疗和营养特性。 这个名字来源于阿拉伯语术语“Alloeh”，意思是“一种闪闪发光的苦味物质”，以及拉丁语单词“vera”，意思是“真相”。该物种非常适合观赏，并可以在盆栽里面自由生长。更值得注意的是，它的叶子被加工成凝胶状物质，已被用于世界各地的食品、化妆品和医疗领域。这种做法可以追溯到埃及、希腊、墨西哥、印度 、中国和日本等古代文明。

Aloe Vera is a cactus-like, short-stemmed succulent with therapeutic and nutritionalproperties. The name was derived from the Arabic term “Alloeh," which means “a sparkling bittermaterial," and the Latin word “vera," which means "truth." The species is great for ornamentalreasons and thrives as a potted plant inside. More notably, its leaves, which are then processed intoa gel-like substance, have been used in the food, cosmetic, and medical fields all over the world.This practice dates back to ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, Mexico, India, China, andJapan.

芦荟是一种玫瑰花状的草本植物，叶子多汁，而它的高度可达 60 至 100 厘米。 部分品种茎的上下表面有白色斑点，叶片肥厚多汁，颜色从绿色到灰绿色不等。 叶子的边缘有缺口并带有白色的小刺。这些花朵在夏天开在一个 90 厘

米高的穗状花序上。 每朵花都是下垂的，有一个 2 到 3 厘米长的黄色管状花冠。

Aloe vera appears as a rosette-shaped herb with succulent leaves that can reachheights of 60 to 100 centimeters. With some types displaying white flecks on their upper and lowerstem surfaces, the leaves are thick and succulent, rangingin color from green to gray-green. The leaf's edge is notched and features little white spines. The flowers emerge in the summer on a spike that can grow up to 90
centimeters tall. Each bloom is pendulous and has a yellow tubular corolla that is 2 to 3 centimeters long.

芦荟有多个品种，商业中最常用的芦荟是翠叶芦荟。 商业产品使用的芦荟由两种成分制成:黄色乳胶和透明凝胶。 黄色乳胶可单独用于缓解便秘，也可与其他药物混合使用。它有两种形式:干树脂和芦荟干汁。 透明凝胶经常用于治疗烧伤、伤口和皮肤干燥等皮肤病。 此外，它还是许多甜点、饮料和酸奶的成分。 虽然持续大量摄入芦荟胶或者它的全叶提取物可能很危险，但小剂量的芦荟基本上是无害的。

There are several varieties of Aloe vera, with
the Aloe barbadensis miller being the most commonly utilized by enterprises. Commercial products are made using two components of aloe vera: its yellow latex and clear gel. Aloe latex is used to relieve constipation alone or in combination with other medicines. It comes in two forms: dried resin and aloe dry juice. Aloe vera gel is frequently used to treat skin conditions such as burns, wounds, and dry skin. Additionally, it's acomponent of a number of desserts, drinks, and yogurts. Although ingesting aloe latex or full leafextract in high or persistent quantities can be dangerous, aloe vera in small doses is most likelyharmless.

芦荟的生命周期从种子接触到温暖潮湿的土壤就开始了。 根从种子长出并向下延伸，锚住正在发芽的植物。 在炎热的夏季，一朵由尖尖的肉质叶子组成的莲座丛从土壤里长出，它的果肉和汁液呈现果冻状。叶子边缘的刺可以防止动物吞食芦荟。 根据环境的不同，成熟的芦荟从冬末到夏季会长出又高又细的花穗。 花穗头部的一簇小管状花由蜂鸟自然授粉。 授粉的花朵会长出一个绿色的豆荚，在将种子种植到下面的土壤中之前，豆荚会变干并变成褐色。 根据生长环境的不同，芦荟植物可以存活 5 到 25 年。 只有在恶劣的环境条件下，例如严冬、饥饿的动物捕食或过度干旱，才会导致这些多肉植物的死亡。

Aloe vera's life cycle begins when the seed comes into touch with warm, moist soil. Aroot grows from the seed and extends downward, anchoring the budding plant. During the hotsummer months, a rosette of pointed, fleshy leaves with jellylike pulp and sap grows. Spines on theleaf edges deter animals from devouring the leaves. A mature Aloe vera sends up a tall, thin flowerspike from late winter to summertime, depending on the environment. A cluster of small tubularflowers at the head of the spike are naturally pollinated by hummingbirds. Pollinated flowers develop a green pod that dries and browns before releasing seeds into the soil below. Depending onthe growth environment, aloe vera plants can live for 5 to 25 years. Only severe environmentalconditions, such as a harsh winter, predation by a hungry animal, or excessive drought, can result inthe loss of these succulents.

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