SDGs 发表于 2023-7-16 11:13

《西游记》交流笔记4:唐僧形象的演变

<div style="max-width:677px;overflow:hidden;"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-paragraph-type="ignored" data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;padding: 0px 0px 0px 12px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="width: 11px;height: 16px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;margin-right: -7.1px;margin-bottom: -5.1px;align-self: flex-end;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><br></section></section></section></section><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-id="93131" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-role="paragraph" style="border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: initial;" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="margin: 15px;white-space: normal;" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="line-height: 10px;color: inherit;border-top: 1px solid #c6c6c7;border-bottom: 1px solid #c6c6c7;margin-top: 10px;" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="margin: 5px 15px 20px;text-align:justify;" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="line-height: 1.75em;color: #595959;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1.5px;" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p><br></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">【前情提要】:</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;clear: both;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;box-sizing: border-box !important;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 14px;text-align: left;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</span><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;box-sizing: border-box !important;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;">&nbsp;此篇内容来自于2021年2月3日不确定uncertain在《西游记》交流会中的word,题目是“唐僧形象的演变”。诚盼能对爱好者有所帮助~</strong></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;clear: both;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;box-sizing: border-box !important;min-height: 1em;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;white-space: normal;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;max-width: 100%;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;box-sizing: border-box !important;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;text-align: left;white-space: normal;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;ps:参考材料见篇末~</strong></span></p></section></section><section style="font-size: 40px;background-color: #fefefe;color: inherit;text-align: right;height: 10px;margin-bottom: -8px;width: 65%;" data-width="65%" mpa-from-tpl="t"><span style="color: rgb(198, 198, 199);font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></section></section></section></section></section></section><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="width: 100%;height: 36px;transform: translateX(6px);margin-top: -32.1px;background: rgb(219, 234, 245);" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><br></section></section></section></section><p><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; text-align: center;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </span><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; text-align: center;"><font face="宋体">一、文学作品</font></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(一)《大唐西域记》和《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section><p><br></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧性格一:执着、勇敢、乐观</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大唐西域记序》他不惜“冒越宪章,私往天竺”,“以贞观三年(公元629年),杖锡遵路”,历时十七年,至贞观十九(公元645年)年正月,“亲践一百一十国”,取来经论六百五十七部。</span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》:“虽猛兽盈衢类犹不惧,况檀越之辈是人乎?”/行路衣资为贼掠尽从者皆忧时,他“倒为欣笑”说:“居生之贵唯乎性命,性命既在余何所。”/玄奘又是智慧、勤奋的:他参拜高僧大德、参习佛家典籍,勤奋好学又博文广志,终于在曲女城的无遮大会上,以“论主”身份,“称扬大乘,序作论意”,声明“若其间有一字无理,能难破者,请斩首相谢”,结果“自十八日来无敢论者”,赢得了当时印度二十余国君民的广泛赞誉,大乘信徒称他是“大乘天”,小乘信徒称他为“解脱天”。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.唐僧性格二:城府机算、阿谀奉承、巴结权贵、排斥异端、培植势力</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(《中国通史·隋唐卷》、刘荫柏《说西游》、苟德培《性格的析分与整合_唐玄奘及_西游记_人物形象重构》)</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1)不推辞奢侈的东西。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》:“当地诸城欢心严洒而待,散会之日珍施丰厚,金银之钱口马无数,法师(玄类)受一半燃灯,余外并施诸东”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">(2)</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">尊卑贵贱和阿谀奉承。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大唐西域记》当其西游至迎湿弥罗国闻说佛教故事“阿罗汉既得其地,运大神通力立五百伽蓝,于诸异国买弩贱人,以充役使,以供僧众”时,竟丝毫不见对“贱人”的慈悲。而其对印度诸王,对太宗、高宗等却是敬畏礼赞至极。</span></p><p style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">(3)</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">贪求。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》:“凡数百件部伍陈列所得……如来肉舍利一百五十粒”</span></p><p style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">(4)</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">难脱俗情。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大慈恩寺三藏法师传》他随高宗至洛阳“暂得还乡,游览旧崖,问访亲故,沦丧将尽,唯有姊一人适赢州张氏(玄类)遣迎相见悲喜,问姊父母坟陇所在,躬自扫渴,为岁久荒颓,乃更详胜地欲具棺梓而改葬”于是,他上表告高宗,高宗览表允其所请,“救所司……营葬所须并宜公给”</span></p><p><br></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(三)《大唐三藏取经诗话》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;"></strong><br></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧的生平:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">“为东土众生、入于竺国请取经教”,前两世取经中途均被深沙神所害,在大梵天王和孙行者的帮助下,最终取得真经,后返回天竺升天成佛。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.唐僧的性格特点:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">具有“不可思议”的德行、有无所不在的大梵天王在帮助他、有一本无所不能的《多心经》让他渡过危难。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">3.《诗话》的特点与唐僧形象变化的关系</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1)晚唐时期,孙行者加入,玄奘本事淡化。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">就取经故事内部关系的调整而言,玄奘本事的淡化有着直接的提示作用。因为按照一般的规律,严肃的本事是受时间制约的,随着历史的延伸,人们的注意力必然会有所转移。玄类本事避免不了时间的冲刷,玄类本事的淡化是必然的结果。而其具备的传奇色彩却恰恰满足了故事的基本需要,因此由本事分化出来的神化了的故事注定了还要有新的发展。在这个意义上,《诗话》加入新的角色和内容正是对取经故事的</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">内部关系作了第一次重要的调整</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(2)猴行者外加的、形象不完整,唐僧是主角。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">猴行者的主要作用只是在唐僧和“大梵天王”(法力的代表)之间起中介作用,让唐僧通过他而借助于神佛的力量。假如我们将猴行者的事迹从《诗话》中全部删去,改由大梵天王或其它什么人物,故事照样成立。另外,这个人物不仅是外加的,而且是不完整的。从“经女人国处第十一”开始,猴行者的戏就基本结束,以下的作用仅仅是“向导”而已。取经成功的最基本的要素仍然是唐僧“不可思议”的德行—这个人物的意义,重点是解决“取经—困难”。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(3)为取经故事摆脱历史真实的束缚找到了一条出路。猴行者的出现是必然的,取经故事要在本事设定的框架中求得发展,必定要有一个人物来代替唐僧作为故事的主角。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">从此以后,只要猴行者的法力没有限制,取经故事的发展也就没有限制,只要与唐僧有合适的方式发生联系而不必考虑对于唐僧是否合理。这事实上是为取经故事摆脱历史真实的束缚找到了一条出路。让“猴”行者充当唐僧的助手,多少还有一点偶然性,但这个角色的出现,却是必然的。取经故事要在本事设定的框架中求得发展,必定要有一个人物来代替唐僧作为故事的主角。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 宋元时代后续的取经故事有两个方向,一是不愿将主角让给猴行者,一是以孙悟空为主角(延续《诗话》的发展途径,《平话》和《杂剧》属于这一类。)</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br></span></strong></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(三)《西游记杂剧》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p><br></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧生平:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">唐僧由西天毗卢伽尊者转世,被观音菩萨派往西天取经,前九世取经都被沙和尚吃掉。刚一出生便遭受抛江之难,后被丹霞禅师收养于金山寺,7岁能文,15岁无经不通,18岁报了父母之仇,之后奉旨西天取经,一路上收服了孙行者、沙和尚、猪八戒,战胜各路妖魔鬼怪,不受权力欲望的诱惑,终于取得真经,传布东土。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.唐僧形象:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">“德行”抽象化,不再具有解决具体困难的作用;行为逐渐趋向平庸,更多地依赖徒弟的保护;和徒弟之间建立利益联系,形成一种相互依赖的关系,从而使取经对于每个人来说都是自觉的行为;孙悟空是内容上的主角,唐僧是结构上的主要因素:孙悟空个性增强,唐僧的性格和行为引导情节发展。</span></span></p><p><br></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(四)百回本《西游记》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;"><br></span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧形象:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">崇高的理想、坚强的意志与愚蠢迂腐、不明是非并存。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">胡光舟先生《吴承恩和西游记》中的一段话:“他(唐僧)懦弱无能,胆小如鼠,听信谗言,是非不分,自私可鄙,优柔寡断,昏庸糊涂,几乎是屡教(教训)不改。在取经集团中,他既不是精神力量,也不是实际的战斗者,竟是一个百分之一百的累赘。至于他在取经事业中的作用,说得不客气些,应当是个负数。他的眼泪多于行动,没有白龙马就寸步难行,没有孙悟空将万劫不复。如果一定要说唐僧也有作用,那么,他的作用是一个傀儡、一尊偶像、一块招牌。只因他是如来的犯错误的大弟子金蝉子转世,要靠他这块招牌才能取到经。正如沙和尚所说,世上只有唐僧取经,‘自来没有个孙行者取经之说’。”在取经故事中,唐僧不过是一个“食之无味,弃之不能”的鸡肋人物。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.作者写作原则:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">所有的故事都必须与主要矛盾冲突及新的内部结构有合理的逻辑联系。调整了徒弟和唐僧的关系,使唐僧真正成了取经故事的结构核心,使唐僧与各种人物的关系真正成为联结取经故事的纽带。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">3.百回本《西游记》的特点与唐僧形象变化的关系</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1)确定根本利益。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">平话和杂剧中的八戒和沙僧成为唐僧徒弟的原因是战败后不得不受制于人的结果,在这种情况下,猪八戒和沙僧难有更多的作为,但是在百回本《西游记》中,通过观音的串联,他们出现了自觉的行为(做任务——升佛解脱)。师徒四人的根本目的都是一样的,个性的不同差异和故事的曲折便呈现了更强的生动性。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(2)妖魔是因为唐僧肉所以有源源不断的外部磨难。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《百回本》西游记之前妖魔和师徒四人的关系:缺少具体的原因和合乎逻辑的发生方式。</span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">《百回本》西游记时妖魔和师徒四人的关系:唐僧是“十世修行”的佛转世,因此肉体有“长生不老”的效用,因此妖魔的出现变得合情合理。</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 176, 80);font-size: 14px;">(妖魔为什么要长生?)</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(3)塑造唐僧适于发生“摩擦”的个性</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">先天秉承:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">崇高的理想、坚强的意志。</span></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">后天形成:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">愚蠢迂腐、不明是非。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;愚蠢迁腐:二十五回五庄观不识人参果,引起孙悟空偷果毁树,二十七回轻信人言,八十四回悲天悯人,九十一回见佛就拜,使白骨夫人、金毛鼠、犀牛精有机可乘。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;是非不明:二十七、五十六回恨逐美猴王,为波月洞黄袍怪和假猴王出现提供了条件,七十二回定要自己化斋,引出盘丝洞、黄花观妖魔。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">*另种说法,百回本《西游记》的师徒四人是《西域记》和《慈恩传》的析分。</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28px;text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《性格的析分与整合_唐玄奘及_西游记_人物形象重构_苟德培》:“以被丰富与还原了的玄类形象及性格来考察《西游记》中人物的主导性格元素时,我们就会发现:《西游记》中三藏的懦弱根源于《慈恩传》玄类根深蒂固的尊卑观念,因此他是非不分真假不辨,遇妖拜妖遇王拜玉而为悟空所承继的《西域记》玄奘的智慧与勇敢则被小说作者吴承恩以夸张的手法赋予了广大神通,将勇与智演绎得淋漓尽致八戒的情欲、贪欲等是出于《慈恩传》玄类被其弟子讳隐了的却仍然流露的贪求、俗情,当然,贪求与俗情被艺术化至八戒的贪食贪赊贪色;也正是这种被膨化了的贪欲与情欲,被作者用来展示未被佛法度化之初的人的原罪沙僧则秉承了玄类的忠诚与稳重,这种忠与稳不仅是对佛法的虔诚、对师傅的忠心,而且是责任的担当与对使命的载承。”</span></p><p style="margin-left: 28px;text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="width: 100%;height: 36px;transform: translateX(6px);margin-top: -32.1px;background: rgb(219, 234, 245);" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><br mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; text-align: center;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;二、影视剧改编</span></p><p><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px; text-align: center;"><br></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(一)1986年央视版电视连续剧《西游记》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><section style="text-align: left;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 13px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;《猴王保唐僧》:唐僧对悟空说:“天气凉了,我见你衣衫单薄,这张虎皮就与你挡挡风寒吧。”(百回本《西游记》原著里唐僧没有为悟空缝虎皮,是悟空自己缝的)</span></section><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.原则:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">“忠于原著,慎于翻新”</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.性格:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">坚持不懈、诚信善良、慈悲为怀;人妖不分、固执己见。(女儿国“人情味”)</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">3.原因</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">:央视86版《西游记》承认人性的不同及人性的不同方面,但仍然回归到了知识分子的精英话语中。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1)在</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">主题</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">上,央视版《西游记》</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">回避了原作对宗教教义的宣扬</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">,而是将宗教的训诫转化成对世俗的道德规劝,以达到</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">提升国民道德素养</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">的目的。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14px;">(2)在</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">人物形象的塑造</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">方面,中国人的传统观念里,好人都是高大全,没有自私、胆小、懦弱等性格特征,唐僧既然是要取得真经的高僧,这些</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">负面的性格特征就与传统的审美价值观念不符</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">。正是在这一审美价值观念的支配下,改编者删减了原著里一些表现唐僧负面性格特征的情节,对唐僧的形象进行了稍稍的</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">美化</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">。这对20世纪80年代刚经历了思想解放运动的中国人来说,心理上更易接受,也更符合我国影视接受主体的接受心理。</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">如女儿国情节</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">,人们不但没有觉得唐僧不该动情,甚至觉得唐僧因此更有人情味,更加可爱。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p style="text-indent: 2em;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><br mpa-from-tpl="t"></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(二)1994年《大话西游》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><section style="text-align: left;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 13px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;台词1:<span style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: PingFang SC, Lantinghei SC, Microsoft YaHei, arial, 宋体, sans-serif, tahoma;text-align: start;">喂喂喂!大家不要生气,生气会犯了嗔戒的!悟空你也太调皮了,我跟你说过叫你不要乱扔东西,你怎么又…你看我还没说完你又把棍子给扔掉了!月光宝盒是宝物,你把他扔掉会污染环境,要是砸到小朋友怎么办?就算砸不到小朋友砸到那些花花草草也是不对的!</span></span></section><section style="text-align: left;margin-left: 16px;margin-right: 16px;"><span style="font-size: 13px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-family: PingFang SC, Lantinghei SC, Microsoft YaHei, arial, 宋体, sans-serif, tahoma;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;台词2:你想要啊?悟空,你要是想要的话你就说话嘛,你不说我怎么知道你想要呢,虽然你很有诚意地看着我,可是你还是要跟我说你想要的。你真的想要吗?那你就拿去吧!你不是真的想要吧?难道你真的想要吗?</span></section><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧性格:放大化的“婆婆妈妈”,啰嗦为武器、仍慈悲为怀、舍生取义、信念不变。</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(弱化取经情节,唐僧性格本质精神未改变,因此使人不生厌,又有喜剧效果)</span></span><br></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(1)放大化的“婆婆妈妈”,啰嗦为武器:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">他的这一性格,让周围的人几乎无法忍受,孙悟空要杀了他以图个世界清静,甚至连观音菩萨也受不了要掐住他的脖子让他闭嘴。为了表现他的这个特点,影片甚至让唐僧的罗嗦变成了一种威力无比的武器,明明是他被抓起来命在旦夕,可是仍能让看守他的两个小妖因为受不了他的啰嗦而一个剖腹一个上吊自杀而死。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(2)慈悲为怀、舍生取义:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">当观音菩萨因孙悟空策划吃他而要消灭孙悟空时,唐僧却坚持以牺牲自己的方式换回孙悟空的重生。唐僧尽管啰嗦,但他的啰嗦基本都表现在规劝他人行善上。</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.原因:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">后现代主义反对以特定方式来继承固有或者既定的理念。(但给定义本身就是一件很不后现代的事情,所以后现代的定义一直也不太清楚。)《大话西游》一开始惨淡无收,后来成为后现代的代表之作之后迅速走红。</span></span></p><p><br></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(三)2010年浙版《西游记》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧性格:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">唐僧并非人妖不分,昏庸无能,他明白白骨精的诡计,只是他认为万物平等,即<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">使妖精也是生灵,应该给予机会,让他们去恶扬善。</span></span></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(1)唐僧有感情戏</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br mpa-from-tpl="t"></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: left;text-indent: 28px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;在浙版中,唐僧和女儿国国王的感情有了升华,两人已经到了牵手、同船赏景的地步,而在离开女儿国时,唐僧回眸望了女儿国国王一眼,眼角流出了一滴泪。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(2)唐僧能识破妖怪</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: left;text-indent: 28px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;浙版《西游记》在故事上的另一重大改变,是唐僧不再懦弱、变得有主见。陈司翰披露,浙版《西游记》中,唐僧能识破任何妖怪,他和孙悟空的主要矛盾是到底是灭妖还是度妖,而唐僧每次被妖怪掳去,总会慷慨激昂地说,“你可以吃我,但是我要和你讲清楚。”然后就会与妖怪大谈人生,了解妖怪为非作歹的原因。唐僧的扮演者<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: left;text-indent: 28px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">陈司翰认为:“我演的唐僧是一位智者,他说的每一段话都自有很深刻的道理。”而陈司翰还称,他扮演的唐僧主要是给十几岁到二十几岁的年轻人看的,不需要得到中老年观众的认可。</span></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(3)认为万物平等,应给予妖怪改正的机会</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br></span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;唐僧之所以在“三打白骨精”中对悟空大加惩处甚至最终将他赶走,不是唐僧人妖不分、错怪悟空,而是给白骨精改邪归正的机会,同时也是为了提升孙悟空的道行。唐僧在撵走悟空被白骨精抓起来后跟沙僧有一段对话即显示了这一点。沙僧认为唐僧学富五车,应该能看出白骨精变化的一家三口的破绽,唐僧解释道:“荒山野岭,四下无人,一村野之妇,见了我等,一不慌张,二不退,问答之间,口齿伶俐,岂不怪哉?而那老妇,既为寻女,我们才刚刚到达,她因何转瞬即至?试问,同是一家人,既非同时而来,一个八十几岁的老妇孺,腿脚焉能如此快捷?”“八戒说得好,就算是妖精也是生灵。凭他悟空本事,要降妖伏魔,岂非易事?你看他一日三次下的皆是杀手,我再三给他机会,他却杀心不灭。”“<span style="text-indent: 28px;">这一路上逢妖遇魔在所难免,但如果一遇到困难就以杀治杀,以暴制暴,未曾取到经文先造一顿杀业,那何需一步一困难的前行呢?倒不如真叫你等使个神通送我到西天,也免得因我死</span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-indent: 28px;font-size: 14px;">伤无数生灵了。”</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">2.评论:</span></strong><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-indent: 28px;">《人民日报》2010年发表向天渊评论《经典翻拍与文化产业》,该文认为:“<span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: left;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">程版《西游记》具有明显的人性化倾向,这种倾向与成仙成佛会有冲突,很难做到恰如其分,但另一方面却有利于表现儒家的伦理精神。</span>与以前的版本相比,此次改编与翻拍更加接近原著。这种注重思想内涵的改编倾向,不仅与文化产业的要求相一致,也充分反映了从经济繁荣到文化复兴的历史必然性,值得我们以宽容的心态去关注与呵护。”</span></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;text-indent: 28px;"></span><br></p><p style="white-space: normal;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;text-indent: 28px;"><br></span></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-size: 15px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">(五)2012张纪中版《西游记》</span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;"></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">1.唐僧形象:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">内心坚强、行事果敢的领袖人物和精神导师(教育意义明显)</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 28px;text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">因此,唐僧狠心赶走悟空,并非决意不要他,而是意在用这种方法教化冥顽的悟空。在悟空被赶走后,唐僧仰望天空,神情凝重地说:“你若能参悟,便是你我的造化。”事实上,唐僧的教育方法也很奏效。当悟空回到花果山,群猴要痛打曾欺负他们的猎人时,悟空想起了唐僧的教导:“妖纵然恶,却有向善的心;人纵然善,一念之间又不慎变恶。人与妖在呼吸之间,善与恶在一念之间。”于是制止了群猴,对曾经欺负自己族群的猎户们说:“你们这些个猎户,个个都该死。依着爷爷往日的脾气,一棒下去,把你们个个打成肉饼。你家爷爷追随师父日久,倒也怜惜起人命来了。”可见唐僧对孙悟空言传身教的影响。</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">2.原因:</span></strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">张纪中曾对浙版《西游记》提出过严厉批评,他说:“<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: left;text-indent: 28px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">我要拍的《西游记》绝对要体现原著精神,绝对不搞这种谈恋爱的《西游记》</span>”。&nbsp;</span></span></p><p><br></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="width: 100%;height: 36px;transform: translateX(6px);margin-top: -32.1px;background: rgb(219, 234, 245);" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><br mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px;"><font face="宋体">三、总结</font></span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: rgb(112, 171, 217); font-family: &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; font-weight: 700; letter-spacing: 1px;"><br></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 15px;">(一)唐僧形象变化的原因</span></strong></span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">1.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">对作品各种不协调的关系地自觉演变:</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">唐僧形象的每一次重要演变,都是因为原有的“关系”已经不适应取经故事进一步发展的要求,每次演变所趋的方向,也同样是由理顺关系、有利发展的原则制约的。其结果是主要矛盾不断强化;取经队伍的凝聚力不断加强,所有的取经故事都逐步得到合理的串连和组织,最终是为孙悟空的活动确保了广阔的舞台。</span></p><p style="margin-left: 0;text-indent: 0;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">2.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">中国小说创作技艺地增强。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;">“演变”并不是一个偶然的、随机的现象,它实际是对中国小说尚未成熟的创作技艺的一种补充,实际上是一个放大了的创作过程。这个过程,清楚地向我们展示了创作中各种矛盾的集合、冲突与解决;展示了造成人物形象、故事情节特定发展的各种因素;展示了作品各部分关系不平衡、不协调及调节整合,以及在这一切的综合下,艺术是如何走向顶峰的。</span></p><p style="text-indent: 28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><br mpa-from-tpl="t"></span></p><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section data-mpa-template="t" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;width: 100%;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="display: flex;justify-content: flex-start;align-items: center;flex-direction: column;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="background: #8CD8E7;padding: 4px 23px 4px 5px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><section style="border-width: 1px;border-style: solid;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;padding: 0px 9px 1px 10px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"><p style="font-size: 16px;font-family: PingFangSC-Medium, PingFang SC;font-weight: 500;color: #FFFFFF;line-height: 22px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-mid=""><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">(二)为什么偏偏是”玄奘“,而不是别的僧人走进了文学领域?</span></strong></span></p></section></section><section style="width: 9px;height: 12px;display: flex;justify-content: center;align-items: center;align-self: flex-end;margin-right: 5px;margin-top: -15.1px;" data-mid="" mpa-from-tpl="t"></section></section></section></section></section><p><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">1.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">玄奘的信念、毅力和能力给刚刚跨入唐朝的人们再次证实了追求理想的可能和能够达到目的的力量。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">人们对理想的追求,玄奘的信念、毅力和能力都是常人所不具备的。通过玄奘的成果,给刚刚跨入唐朝盛世的人们再次证实了追求理想的可能和能够达到目的的力量。这种意义已经超越了玄奘本事的具体目的,人们也许不知道玄奘取的经到底是什么,但几乎每一个人提到他都知道他完成了一个常人难以完成的任务,也就是这样的本事,是玄奘具备了成为文学表现对象的价值。可以说是宗教形象与文学形象相辅相成。</span></p><p style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">2.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">创作空间大,本事具有传奇色彩。</span></strong></span></p><p style="text-indent:28px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">历史上很多惊世骇俗的壮举之所以没有被文学吸收,重要原因在于缺少文学所必须的自由创作空间,宗教是神秘的,异域是新奇的,传教士对玄奘故事的喜爱、国家推崇佛教、本事具有的传奇色彩等都是酝酿文学的土壤。</span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《大慈恩寺三藏法师传(卷一)》:“初,法师在蜀,见一病人,身疮臭秽,衣服破污,悯将向寺院施与衣服饮食之值。病者惭愧,乃授法师此经(按:指《般若多心经》),因常颂习。至沙河间,逢诸恶鬼,奇状怪类,绕人前后,虽念观音不得全去,即诵此经,发声皆散,在危获济,实所凭焉。”</span></p><p style="margin-left:28px;text-indent:28px;text-autospace:ideograph-numeric;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">《太平广记·卷九十二·异僧六》:“行至罽宾国,道险,虎豹不可过。奘不知为计,乃锁房门而坐。至夕开门,见一老僧,头面疮庚,身体脓血。床上独坐,莫知来由。奘乃礼拜勤求,僧口授《多心经》一卷,令奘颂之,遂得山川平易,道路开辟,虎豹藏形,魔鬼潜迹。”</span></p><p style="margin-left:0;text-indent:0;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="font-weight: bold;font-size: 14px;">3.&nbsp;</span><strong><span style="font-size: 14px;">市民大众对传奇志怪的审美嗜好。</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">&nbsp; 《唐太宗入冥记》是有关取经缘起的内容最初进入说倡议书,《诗话》、甘肃安西榆林和肃北发现的取经壁画。</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">&nbsp;</span></p><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">【参考材料】:<br></span></p><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">海波.2014-2018年玄奘研究综述.世界宗教研究,2019(06):172-183.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">徐笑一.《西游记》中唐僧圣愚形象的演变及特点.辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版),2016,39(06):89-94.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">赵秀红.《西游记》题材中唐僧人物形象流变的文化意蕴.文艺评论,2016(04):77-83.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">赵欢.近五年玄奘研究综述(2008-2013).世界宗教文化,2015(01):148-157.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">冯保善.从历史到神话——玄奘取经与《西游记》.徐州工程学院学报(社会科学版),2009,24(01):48-52.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">苟德培.性格的析分与整合:唐玄奘及《西游记》人物形象重构.中国矿业大学学报(社会科学版),2008(03):120-124.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">陈弦章.宗教情怀的形象倾诉——《西游记》作者笔下的唐僧形象新论.龙岩学院学报,2008(04):56-61.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">白杨.玄奘研究综述(1994-2007)(下).新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(02):28-33.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">白杨.玄奘研究综述(1994-2007)(上).新疆师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2008(01):20-25.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">李国玉.唐僧人物形象再分析.青海师专学报.教育科学,2005(S2):35-36.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">金楠.玄奘西行—《大唐西域记》浅析.新疆地方志,2001(02):59-61.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">李安纲.从唐僧取经壁画看《西游记》故事的演变.河东学刊,1999(05):6-7.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">张锦池.论唐僧形象的演化.学习与探索,1995(05):124-134.</span></section><section style="text-indent: 0em;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">蔡铁鹰.整合的历程:论唐僧形象的演变——兼及中国小说演变过程的理论意义.汉中师院学报(哲学社会科学版),1989(03):46-52.</span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><br></p><p style="margin: 0px;text-align: right;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0px;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.6;" mpa-paragraph-type="body"><span style="font-size: 10px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">作者:<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 10px;text-align: right;">不确定uncertain</span><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;text-align: right;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0px;font-size: 14px;line-height: 1.6;" mpa-paragraph-type="body"><span style="font-size: 10px;font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Hiragino Sans GB, Microsoft YaHei, Arial, sans-serif;">编辑:不确定uncertain</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Helvetica Neue', 'PingFang SC', 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei UI', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;widows: 1;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><br></p><p 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